Philtrum: The area from below the nose to the upper lip. Normally the philtrum is grooved. In fetal alcohol syndrome, the philtrum is flat. .
What Is a Philtrum?
Children with fetal alcohol impairments are often described as having a "flat philtrum."
The philtrum allows humans to express lip motions in the larger scale than would otherwise be possible, which enhances vocal clarity. It is the midline groove in the upper lip which runs from the top of the lip to the nose. The appearance of philtrum is determined genetically.
The Lip-Philtrum Guides published in 2004 is a 5-point pictorial ruler which can be used by the FAS DPN to accurately measure philtrum smoothness and upper lip thinness. Usually philtrum is grooved. In foetal alcohol syndrome, the philtrum is flat.
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